Transgender Legal Rights Vs. Socio-Economic Realities in Tamil Nadu

Authors

  • Ms. Preethi R Assistant Professor, PG & Research Department of History, Holy Cross College (Autonomous), Tiruchirappalli. Author

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.63300/tm11012025.02

Keywords:

Transgender, barriers, Act, Legal Rights, Challenges, Upliftment

Abstract

The Research Paper “Transgender Legal Rights Vs. Socio-economic realities in Tamil Nadu” helps to understand the progressive legal framework and the persistent socio-economic challenges faced by transgender individuals in Tamil Nadu. Despite the progressive legal frameworks, such as the Transgender Persons (Protection of Rights) Act 2019, the Transgender Welfare Board and Healthcare, etc., transgender persons continue to face unemployment, family rejection, discrimination, homelessness and societal stigma. This study explores the disparity between the challenges experienced by transgender individuals and the implementation of legal policies. It highlights the socio-economic barriers and the role of judiciary directives and grassroots activism in Tamil Nadu. It further argues for the strengthened implementation of legal rights, social policies and the role of society to support and effectively implement the legal recognition and for the socio-economic upliftment of transgender population in Tamil Nadu. 

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Author Biography

  • Ms. Preethi R, Assistant Professor, PG & Research Department of History, Holy Cross College (Autonomous), Tiruchirappalli.

    Ms. Preethi R*, Assistant Professor, PG & Research Department of History, Holy Cross College (Autonomous), Tiruchirappalli.

    *Correspondence: preethiramesh6006@gmail.com.

References

[1]. National Legal Service Authority (NALSA) v. Union of India, Supreme Court of India, Writ Petition (Civil) No. 400 of 2012, judgment dated 15 Apr. 2014.

[2]. Government of India. The Transgender Persons (Protection of Rights) Act, 2019. Ministry of Law and Justice, 2019.

[3]. Hindu Tamil. “Police Should Not Disturb Transgender People: Amendment Published in the Government Gazette.” Hindu Tamil, 2021. ( http://www.hindutamil.in/news/tamilnadu/768473-police-should-not-disturb-transgender-people-amendment-published-in-the-government-gazette.html )

[4]. Economic Times. “ Special Schemes Being Implemented for Welfare of Transgender People: Tamil Nadu Government” The Economic Times, 27 May 2024, ( https://economictimes.indiatimes.com/news/india/special-schemes-being-implemented-for-welfare-of-transgender-people-tamil-nadu-govt/articleshow/121393037.cms )

[5]. Government of Tamil Nadu. Tamil Nadu State Policy for Transgender Persons. Social Welfare and Women Empowerment Department, Government of Tamil Nadu, 2025.

[6]. Trans Rights Now Collective. “Trans Rights Now Collective.” Wikipedia, Wikimedia Foundation, ( https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Trans_Rights_Now_Collective ).

[7]. Revathi A, “ The Truth about Me: A Hijra Life Story”, Penguin Books.

[8]. Rainbow Voices Community Center. “Rainbow Voices Community Center.” Wikipedia, Wikimedia Foundation, ( https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rainbow_Voices_Community_Center )

[9]. Sahodari Foundation. “Sahodari Foundation.” Wikipedia, Wikimedia Foundation, ( https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sahodari_Foundation )

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Published

10.12.2025

How to Cite

Transgender Legal Rights Vs. Socio-Economic Realities in Tamil Nadu. (2025). Tamilmanam International Research Journal of Tamil Studies, 11(01), 10-14. https://doi.org/10.63300/tm11012025.02