இந்துத் தத்துவத்தில் விதல லோகம்: ஆன்மிகமும் பிரபஞ்சமும்

Vitala-loka in Hindu Philosophy: Spirituality and the Universe

Abstract

In Hindu philosophy, the structure of the universe is divided into various realms known as Lokas. According to the Vedas and Puranas, there are fourteen such realms, categorized into seven upper worlds and seven lower worlds. Among the seven lower realms, Vitala-loka stands as the second world. The Puranas describe Vitala-loka as being intricately connected with divine powers, spiritual meanings, and cosmic concepts.

The ruler of this realm is Hatakesvara, a form of Lord Shiva. According to mythological accounts, this world abounds in gold and gemstone mines, and the beings residing here are said to be perpetually immersed in worldly pleasures.

References to Vitala-loka are found in texts such as the Vishnu Purana, Bhagavata Purana, and Devi Bhagavatam. The Vishnu Purana specifies that this realm is located at a depth of 20,000 yojanas beneath the Earth. From a spiritual perspective, this loka is explained as representing a specific state of human emotions and the subconscious mind. This research article explores the philosophical background of Vitala-loka, its spiritual significance, and its place within Hindu cosmic theory. Furthermore, the mythological descriptions of this realm and their modern-day relevance are discussed.