@article{K2025,

title = {Neithal Landscape Objects and Medicinal Uses},

author = {Singaravelu K},

doi = {10.63300/tm0108202501},

issn = {3049-0723},

year  = {2025},

date = {2025-04-24},

journal = {Tamilmanam Int. Res. J. Tamil Stud.},

volume = {1},

number = {08},

pages = {364--379},

publisher = {Nallamuthu Gounder Mahalingam College},

abstract = {"The term "Thinai" in ancient Tamil literature fundamentally signifies a specific type of land or ecological region, encompassing its unique characteristics, resources, and associated way of life. Tholkappiyar, in his seminal work Tholkappiyam, initially identifies four distinct Thinai: Kurinji (mountainous regions), Mullai (forests and grasslands), Marutham (agricultural plains), and Neythal (coastal regions). Notably, Palai (arid and desert-like regions) is not explicitly mentioned as a primary Thinai in this initial classification.

However, in the context of Purathinai – the classification of war and societal activities – Tholkappiyar acknowledges Palai as an 'external' or 'transitional' Thinai, specifically associating it with Vanji (a type of warfare focused on cattle raiding). This implicitly acknowledges five distinct land types. This understanding is further illuminated in the epic Silappathikaram, which describes Palai as a transformed landscape, arising from the desiccation and degradation of the fertile Kurinji and Mullai lands due to prolonged drought or ecological imbalance. Therefore Palai is not a self-existent landscape like the other four, but a derivative one.

Focusing on the five lands documented, the Neythal Thinai, characterized by its coastal environment, was primarily inhabited by people who depended on the sea and its resources for their sustenance and livelihood. Their lives revolved around activities such as fishing, salt production, pearl diving, and maritime trade. Consequently, the Neythal people's diet consisted primarily of plant-based foods available in the coastal regions, alongside a wide variety of seafood, including fish, shellfish, and other marine organisms.

Given this close relationship between the Neythal people, their environment, and their diet, this research aims to investigate and highlight the potential medicinal properties inherent in the plants and marine organisms consumed by the inhabitants of the Neythal land. This investigation will explore the traditional knowledge and practices surrounding the use of these resources for health and well-being, potentially uncovering valuable insights into their pharmacological properties and contributions to the overall health of the Neythal community."},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{NeithalLandscapeObjectsandMedicinalUses:நெய்தல்நிலப்பொருட்களும்மருத்துவப்பயன்களும்_2025,

title = {[No title]},

url = {https://tamilmanam.in/journal/index.php/issue/article/view/70},

doi = {10.63300/tm0108202501},

year  = {2025},

date = {2025-04-01},

journal = {Tamilmanam International Research Journal of Tamil Studies},

volume = {1},

number = {08},

pages = {364–379},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{amutha2025flowers,

title = {FLOWERS IN THE VELLPARI NOVEL: வேள்பாரி புதினத்தில் பூக்கள்},

author = {R Amutha and G Mahalakshmi},

year  = {2025},

date = {2025-01-01},

journal = {Tamilmanam International Research Journal of Tamil Studies},

volume = {1},

number = {07},

pages = {416–430},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{krishika2025thiruvalluvar,

title = {Thiruvalluvar's Social Ethical Thoughts on the Abolition of Slavery: A Sociological Perspective: அடிமைத்தனம் ஒழிக்க திருவள்ளுவரின் சமூக நெறிமுறை சிந்தனைகள்: ஓர் சமூகவியல் நோக்கு},

author = {Rajendran Krishika},

year  = {2025},

date = {2025-01-01},

journal = {Tamilmanam International Research Journal of Tamil Studies},

volume = {1},

number = {07},

pages = {396–400},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{aleem2025cranial,

title = {Cranial Neurology Facts About Smiles in the Kural Approaching Valluvar's Statements Scientifically: குறளில் புன்னகை பற்றிய மூளை நரம்பியல் உண்மைகள்},

author = {MA Aleem},

year  = {2025},

date = {2025-01-01},

journal = {Tamilmanam International Research Journal of Tamil Studies},

volume = {1},

number = {07},

pages = {401–406},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{veerakannan2025artificial,

title = {Artificial Intelligence Technology: A Boon in Writing Tamil Essays: செயற்கை நுண்ணறிவு தொழில்நுட்பம்: தமிழ் கட்டுரைகள் எழுதுவதில் ஒரு வரப்பிரசாதம்},

author = {S Veerakannan},

year  = {2025},

date = {2025-01-01},

journal = {Tamilmanam International Research Journal of Tamil Studies},

volume = {1},

number = {04},

pages = {221–228},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{veerakannan2025god,

title = {God Murugan in Tirumurukatruppatai: A Review of the Six Faces: திருமுருகாற்றுப்படையில் முருகன்: ஆறு முகங்கள் பற்றிய ஒரு ஆய்வு},

author = {S Veerakannan},

year  = {2025},

date = {2025-01-01},

journal = {Tamilmanam International Research Journal of Tamil Studies},

volume = {1},

number = {06},

pages = {293–300},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{jamuna2025elements,

title = {Elements of life as told by Tamil literature: தமிழ் இலக்கியங்கள் கூறும் வாழ்வியல் கூறுகள்},

author = {S Jamuna and S VEERAKANNAN},

year  = {2025},

date = {2025-01-01},

journal = {Tamilmanam International Research Journal of Tamil Studies},

volume = {1},

number = {06},

pages = {316–320},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{vijayakumar2025meditation,

title = {Meditation in the Upanishads: A Deeper Look: உபநிஷதங்களில் தியானம்: ஓர் ஆழமான பார்வை},

author = {M Vijayakumar and S VEERAKANNAN},

year  = {2025},

date = {2025-01-01},

journal = {Tamilmanam International Research Journal of Tamil Studies},

volume = {1},

number = {06},

pages = {311–315},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{vijayakumar2025thiruvasaka,

title = {Thiruvasaka Sivapuranam-Comparison of Books: திருவாசக சிவபுராணம்-நூல்களின் ஒப்பீடு},

author = {M Vijayakumar and S Veerakannan},

year  = {2025},

date = {2025-01-01},

journal = {Tamilmanam International Research Journal of Tamil Studies},

volume = {1},

number = {06},

pages = {306–310},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{sharon2025history,

title = {History of Devi Fort: The Evolution of the Architectural Heritage of Nagapattinam District: தேவி கோட்டையின் வரலாறு: நாகை மாவட்டத்தின் கட்டிடக்கலைப் பாரம்பரியத்தின் பரிணாமம்},

author = {K Sharon and S VEERAKANNAN},

year  = {2025},

date = {2025-01-01},

journal = {Tamilmanam International Research Journal of Tamil Studies},

volume = {1},

number = {06},

pages = {301–305},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{veerakannan2025tamil,

title = {Tamil Publishing Continues to Struggle in the Age of Digital},

author = {S Veerakannan},

year  = {2025},

date = {2025-01-01},

journal = {Tamilmanam International Research Journal of Tamil Studies},

volume = {1},

number = {07},

pages = {389–395},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{veerakannan2025artificialb,

title = {Artificial Intelligence for Tamil Literature: An Overview: தமிழ் இலக்கியத்திற்கான செயற்கை நுண்ணறிவு: ஒரு கண்ணோட்டம்},

author = {S Veerakannan and M Vijayakumar},

year  = {2025},

date = {2025-01-01},

journal = {Tamilmanam International Research Journal of Tamil Studies},

volume = {1},

number = {07},

pages = {363–370},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{murugesapandian2025unused,

title = {Unused Yet Present: The Dormant Letters in Tamil: உறங்கும் உயிர் மெய்கள்},

author = {S Murugesapandian},

year  = {2025},

date = {2025-01-01},

journal = {Tamilmanam International Research Journal of Tamil Studies},

volume = {1},

number = {06},

pages = {321–330},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{anandhi2025does,

title = {How does the Silappadhikaram depict the Pandya king and his reign? சிலம்பு காட்டும் பாண்டிய மன்னனும் ஆட்சியும்},

author = {A Anandhi},

year  = {2025},

date = {2025-01-01},

journal = {Tamilmanam International Research Journal of Tamil Studies},

volume = {1},

number = {04},

pages = {190–207},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{gomathi2025independent,

title = {The Independent Voices of Buddhist Nuns: பௌத்தப் பெண்களின் சுதந்திரக் குரல்கள்},

author = {P Gomathi and G Padmapriya and VC Srinivasan},

year  = {2025},

date = {2025-01-01},

journal = {Tamilmanam International Research Journal of Tamil Studies},

volume = {1},

number = {05},

pages = {287–292},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{karthik2025social,

title = {Social Conditions in Ashokamitran's Novels: அசோகமித்ரன் நாவல்களில் சமுதாய நிலை},

author = {V Karthik and P Balavignesh},

year  = {2025},

date = {2025-01-01},

journal = {Tamilmanam International Research Journal of Tamil Studies},

volume = {1},

number = {06},

pages = {341–349},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{dhanalakshmi2025artists,

title = {Artists life in Aatrupadai Books: A Research: ஆற்றுப்படை நூல்களில் கலை மாந்தர்கள்},

author = {M Dhanalakshmi and K Elavarasi},

year  = {2025},

date = {2025-01-01},

journal = {Tamilmanam International Research Journal of Tamil Studies},

volume = {1},

number = {06},

pages = {350–357},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{bergmans2025struggles,

title = {The Struggles of Marginalized Communities: A Study Based on the Novel" Sengai": விளிம்புநிலை மக்களின் வாழ்வியல் போராட்டங்கள் (சேங்கை நாவலை முன்வைத்து)},

author = {E Bergmans and S Arivazhagan},

year  = {2025},

date = {2025-01-01},

journal = {Tamilmanam International Research Journal of Tamil Studies},

volume = {1},

number = {06},

pages = {331–340},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{barathe2025virunthombal,

title = {The Virunthombal Athikaram of Thirukkural and the infallibility condition of Karaikal Ammaiyar: திருக்குறளின் விருந்தோம்பல் அதிகாரமும் காரைக்காலம்மையாரின் வழுவா நிலையும்},

author = {S BARATHE and S Ravi},

year  = {2025},

date = {2025-01-01},

journal = {Tamilmanam International Research Journal of Tamil Studies},

volume = {1},

number = {07},

pages = {381–388},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{vigneshkumar2025individual,

title = {Individual life thoughts as seen in the works of Ve. Iraiyanbu: வெ. இறையன்பு படைப்புகளில் காணலாகும் தனிமனித வாழ்வியல் சிந்தனைகள்},

author = {P Vigneshkumar},

year  = {2025},

date = {2025-01-01},

journal = {Tamilmanam International Research Journal of Tamil Studies},

volume = {1},

number = {04},

pages = {171–189},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{sharon2025tamil,

title = {TAMIL HERITAGE EMBODIED:‘RAJARAJESVARAM’-AN ICONOGRAPHICAL DECODING OF A SOLITARY PAINTING: தமிழ் பாரம்பரியத்தை வெளிப்படுத்துதல்: ராஜராஜேஸ்வரத்தின் ஒற்றை ஓவியத்தின் ஒரு உருவப்பட பகுப்பாய்வு.},

author = {K Sharon and others},

year  = {2025},

date = {2025-01-01},

journal = {Tamilmanam International Research Journal of Tamil Studies},

volume = {1},

number = {05},

pages = {229–240},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{jayanthi2025role,

title = {The role of artificial intelligence (AI) in personalized education: தனிப்பட்ட கல்வியில் செயற்கை நுண்ணறிவின் (AI) பங்கு},

author = {N JAYANTHI},

year  = {2025},

date = {2025-01-01},

journal = {Tamilmanam International Research Journal of Tamil Studies},

volume = {1},

number = {07},

pages = {407–410},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{bhuvana2025graphical,

title = {A Graphical Comparison between Tamil and Korean Languages: வரிவடிவ ஒப்பாய்வு நோக்கில் தமிழ் மற்றும் கொரிய மொழி},

author = {V Bhuvana and others},

year  = {2025},

date = {2025-01-01},

journal = {Tamilmanam International Research Journal of Tamil Studies},

volume = {1},

number = {05},

pages = {273–279},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{bhuvana2025cultural,

title = {Cultural relations between Tamil Nadu and Korea: தமிழகம் மற்றும் கொரியாவின் பண்பாட்டு உறவுகள்},

author = {V Bhuvana and G Amala Karthiga},

year  = {2025},

date = {2025-01-01},

journal = {Tamilmanam International Research Journal of Tamil Studies},

volume = {1},

number = {04},

pages = {208–220},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{periyaswamy2025let,

title = {Let's do Modern Tamil Grammar: சிறுவர் இலக்கியத்தில் எண்வகை மெய்ப்பாடுகள்},

author = {B Periyaswamy},

year  = {2025},

date = {2025-01-01},

journal = {Tamilmanam International Research Journal of Tamil Studies},

volume = {1},

number = {04},

pages = {152–170},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{geetha2025naladiyar,

title = {The Naladiyar: A Work of Great Renown: நாலடியாரின் பெருமைகள்},

author = {M Geetha},

year  = {2025},

date = {2025-01-01},

journal = {Tamilmanam International Research Journal of Tamil Studies},

volume = {1},

number = {05},

pages = {248–259},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{banu2025hijab,

title = {The Hijab's Silent Revolution: How Modesty Can Empower Women: பெண்ணுரிமை பேணும் ஹிஜாப்},

author = {TM Shahidha Banu},

year  = {2025},

date = {2025-01-01},

journal = {Tamilmanam International Research Journal of Tamil Studies},

volume = {1},

number = {05},

pages = {280–286},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{murugesapandian2025time,

title = {Time to tackle modern Tamil grammar: நிகழ்தமிழ் இலக்கணம் செய்வோம்},

author = {S Murugesapandian},

year  = {2025},

date = {2025-01-01},

journal = {Tamilmanam International Research Journal of Tamil Studies},

volume = {1},

number = {05},

pages = {260–272},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{geethanjali2025women,

title = {Women's life issues in Ira Prema's collection of women-centric short stories: இரா. பிரேமாவின் பெண் மைய சிறுகதைகள் தொகுப்பில் பெண்களின் வாழ்வியல் சிக்கல்கள்},

author = {T Geethanjali and A Maheswari},

year  = {2025},

date = {2025-01-01},

journal = {Tamilmanam International Research Journal of Tamil Studies},

volume = {1},

number = {05},

pages = {241–247},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{veerakannan2024சமூகப்,

title = {சமூகப் பாடகர்களின் சமூகப் பங்கு-நாட்டுப்புறக் கலைஞர்களின் சமூக நிலை: Social Role of Community Singers–Social Status of Folk Artists},

author = {S Veerakannan},

year  = {2024},

date = {2024-01-01},

journal = {Tamilmanam International Research Journal of Tamil Studies},

volume = {1},

number = {01},

pages = {10–20},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{jayasudha2024ayngurunootril,

title = {Ayngurunootril Thalaiviyin Irangal Mozhi: ஐங்குறுநூற்றில் தலைவியின் இரங்கல்மொழி},

author = {N Jayasudha},

year  = {2024},

date = {2024-01-01},

journal = {Tamilmanam International Research Journal of Tamil Studies},

volume = {1},

number = {1},

pages = {21–29},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{முனைவர்2024வெண்முரசு,

title = {வெண்முரசு-மகாபாரதம் காட்டும் தாவரவியல் தகவல்கள்: முனைவர். அ. லோகமாதேவி, நல்லமுத்துக்கவுண்டர் மகாலிங்கம் கல்லூரி, பொள்ளாச்சி},

author = {முனைவர். அ. லோகமாதேவி},

year  = {2024},

date = {2024-01-01},

journal = {Tamilmanam International Research Journal of Tamil Studies},

volume = {1},

number = {2},

pages = {87–95},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{dandapani2024மானிடவியல்,

title = {மானிடவியல் பார்வையில் பிரெஞ்சியர் ஆட்சி புதுச்சேரியின் சமூக பண்பாட்டுச் சிக்கல்களும் மதப் பூசல்களும்: French Rule Puducherry in Anthropological Perspective Socio-cultural issues and religious conflicts},

author = {C Dandapani},

year  = {2024},

date = {2024-01-01},

journal = {Tamilmanam International Research Journal of Tamil Studies},

volume = {1},

number = {1},

pages = {54–69},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{முனைவர்2024பதிற்றுப்பத்து,

title = {பதிற்றுப்பத்து மற்றும் புறநானூற்றில் குறிஞ்சிப்பாட்டில் கபிலர் மொழிந்த 99 மலர்கள்: உதவிப் பேராசிரியர் மற்றும் துறைத்தலைவர் (பொ.) தமிழ் மேம்பாட்டுச் சங்கப்பலகை, சென்னைப் பல்கலைக்கழகம், சென்னை http://orcid. org/0000-0002-6260-8164},

author = {முனைவர் கி. சங்கர நாராயணன்},

year  = {2024},

date = {2024-01-01},

journal = {Tamilmanam International Research Journal of Tamil Studies},

volume = {1},

number = {2},

pages = {96–102},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{aruljyoti2024சிவவாக்கியர்,

title = {சிவவாக்கியர் பாடல்களில் இறைஇன்ப வழிகள்: Ways of Divine Pleasure in Sivavakyar Hymns},

author = {B Aruljyoti},

year  = {2024},

date = {2024-01-01},

journal = {Tamilmanam International Research Journal of Tamil Studies},

volume = {1},

number = {01},

pages = {30–42},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{ஞா2024தமிழ்,

title = {தமிழ், வங்காளத் தொன்ம மறுவாசிப்புப் புதினங்களில் ‘சீதை’தொன்மம்: ஞா. சத்தீஸ்வரன் முனைவர் பட்ட ஆய்வாளர், தமிழ்த்துறை, விசுவபாரதி நடுவண் பல்கலைக்கழகம், சாந்திநிகேதன்–731235 மேற்குவங்காளம்},

author = {ஞா. சத்தீஸ்வரன்},

year  = {2024},

date = {2024-01-01},

journal = {Tamilmanam International Research Journal of Tamil Studies},

volume = {1},

number = {2},

pages = {69–77},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{எஸ்2024dr,

title = {Dr. Ve. Iraiyanbu's short stories and their portrayal of life values: முனைவா் வெ. இறையன்புவின் சிறுகதைகளில் வாழ்வியல் விழுமியங்கள்},

author = {எஸ். வீரக்கண்ணன் and B. அருள்ஜோதி},

year  = {2024},

date = {2024-01-01},

journal = {Tamilmanam International Research Journal of Tamil Studies},

volume = {1},

number = {3},

pages = {112–124},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{எஸ்2024தமிழ்,

title = {தமிழ் இலக்கியத்தில் மானுட விழுமியங்கள்: எஸ். வீரக்கண்ணன் நல்லமுத்து கவுண்டர் மகாலிங்கம் கல்லூரி, பொள்ளாச்சி},

author = {எஸ். வீரக்கண்ணன்},

year  = {2024},

date = {2024-01-01},

journal = {Tamilmanam International Research Journal of Tamil Studies},

volume = {1},

number = {2},

pages = {77–86},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{murugesapandian2024let,

title = {Let's do Modern Tamil Grammar: நிகழ்தமிழ் இலக்கணம் செய்வோம்},

author = {S Murugesapandian},

year  = {2024},

date = {2024-01-01},

journal = {Tamilmanam International Research Journal of Tamil Studies},

volume = {1},

number = {2},

pages = {152–160},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{sindhu2024community,

title = {Community life in Pattinapalai: பட்டினப்பாலையில் சமுதாய வாழ்வுகள்},

author = {K Sindhu and R Ravichandran},

year  = {2024},

date = {2024-01-01},

journal = {Tamilmanam International Research Journal of Tamil Studies},

volume = {1},

number = {03},

pages = {125–135},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{veerakannan2024பண்டைய,

title = {பண்டைய இந்திய நாணயங்களும் பாதுகாக்கும் வழிமுறைகளும்},

author = {Pollachi Author https://orcid. org/0000-0003-1006-158X Veerakannan S Nallamuthu Gounder Mahalingam College},

year  = {2024},

date = {2024-01-01},

journal = {TAMILMANAM - Journal of Tamil Studies},

volume = {1},

number = {01},

pages = {1–9},

publisher = {https://tamilmanam.in/journal/},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{veerakannan2024social,

title = {Social Role of Community Singers–Social Status of Folk Artists},

author = {S Veerakannan},

year  = {2024},

date = {2024-01-01},

journal = {https://tamilmanam. in},

publisher = {TAMILMANAM Online Tamil Journal},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{geethanjali2024women,

title = {Women's life issues in Ira Prema's collection of women-centric short stories.},

author = {T Geethanjali and A Maheswai},

year  = {2024},

date = {2024-01-01},

journal = {Tamilmanam International Research Journal of Tamil Studies},

volume = {1},

number = {03},

pages = {136–144},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{murugesapandian2024monosyllabic,

title = {Monosyllabic Triads: ஓரெழுத்து மூன்றோசைகள்},

author = {S Murugesapandian},

year  = {2024},

date = {2024-01-01},

journal = {Tamilmanam International Research Journal of Tamil Studies},

volume = {1},

number = {3},

pages = {145–151},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{veerakannanபண்டைய,

title = {பண்டைய இந்திய நாணயங்களும் பாதுகாக்கும் வழிமுறைகளும்},

author = {S Veerakannan},

journal = {https://tamilmanam. in},

publisher = {TAMILMANAM-Journal of Tamil Studies},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}