சைவ சமயத்தில் மனித நேயம்: தத்துவ மற்றும் சமூகவியல் பின்புலங்கள் குறித்த ஓர் ஆய்வு

Humanism in Saivism: A Study on Philosophical and Sociological Backgrounds

Abstract

Saivism is not merely a religion based on ritualistic practices; it is a philosophy that ennobles human life. Operating on the core principle of "Anbe Sivam" (Love is God), this faith holds the practice of humanism and showing love toward all living beings as its primary tenet. This article explores the egalitarian thoughts that originate from the fundamental truths of Saiva Siddhanta—Pathi (the Lord), Pasu (the soul), and Pasam (the bond/attachment).

The social reforms spearheaded by the Nayanmars during the Bhakti movement and how they created a new social structure that transcended caste and gender divisions are analyzed in detail. Specifically, the humanistic values embedded in the Thirumurai hymns of Thirunavukkarasar, Thirugnanasambanthar, Manikkavasagar, and Sundarar are discussed with relevant evidence, alongside the social significance of Maheswara Pooja (the service of offering food to devotees) and feminine perspectives. Furthermore, historical events that occurred at sacred sites like Thiruveezhimizhalai and Avinashi illustrate how Saivism concerned itself with alleviating the daily hunger and suffering of the people. The objective of this article is to compare the philosophical richness of Saivism with modern humanistic thoughts and establish its universal nature.