சங்க இலக்கியத்தில் நம்பிக்கைகள்

Beliefs In Sangam Literature

Abstract

This article explores the diverse systems of belief prevalent among ancient Tamils as depicted in Sangam Literature. While these early people lived in harmony with nature, their inability to fully comprehend or control natural phenomena—such as thunderstorms, earthquakes, and diseases—led to the development of specific beliefs rooted in both awe and fear. The author traces the linguistic evolution of the word "belief" from its roots in Tolkappiyam, where it initially signified "desire," to its later usage denoting "trust" or "faith".

The study details various traditional practices, including Nimitham (omens), Virichi (listening for random auspicious words), and Aazhiyizhaithal (drawing circles in the sand to predict a lover's return). Furthermore, the article examines the significance of animal behaviors—specifically those of lizards and crows—and the spiritual reverence for trees. It also touches upon the ancient dread of ghosts and the interpretation of nightmares as precursors to misfortune. Ultimately, the paper argues that these beliefs were not merely superstitions but served as a social framework and a way of life that continues to influence modern Tamil culture.