முத்தொள்ளாயிரத்தில் உரிச்சொற்கள்: தொல்காப்பிய உரியியல் கோட்பாடுகளின் அடிப்படையில் ஓர் ஆழ்நிலை மொழியியல் மற்றும் இலக்கியப் பகுப்பாய்வு

Qualitative Particles (Urisorkal) in Muttollayiram: An In-depth Linguistic and Literary Analysis Based on the Principles of Tolkappiyam’s Uriyiyal

Abstract

In the grammatical structure of the Tamil language, the 'Urisol' (qualitative particle/root) is considered a rich and essential element exclusive to poetry. In the Sollathigaram of Tolkappiyam, the author dedicates a specific chapter, Uriyiyal, to define Urisorkal as words that depend on nouns and verbs to convey nuances of sound (isai), suggestion (kurippu), and attribute (panpu). This research paper provides a detailed examination of the Urisorkal found in Muttollayiram—a work regarded as a continuation of Sangam literature and a precursor to the later Ula literary genre—analyzing them through the lens of Tolkappiyam’s Uriyiyal guidelines.

The article demonstrates the significant role these particles play in depicting the valor, benevolence, country, city, and romantic emotions (kaikkilai) associated with the three great Tamil dynasties: the Cheras, Cholas, and Pandyas. Specifically, it explains with evidence how words such as 'Uru', 'Tava', 'Nani', 'Mallal', 'Pasappu', and 'Isaipu' intensify the depth of emotion and qualitative description in the verses. Furthermore, by comparing these usages with the perspectives of later grammatical works like Nannul and the explanations provided by classical commentators, the paper establishes the unique linguistic identity of Muttollayiram.