தமிழ்ப் பண்பாட்டின் அடையாளமும் வரலாறும்: பொன்னேர் பூட்டுதல் மற்றும் வேளாண் மரபுகள் குறித்த ஓர் ஆய்வு

Identity and History of Tamil Culture: A Study on Ponner Poottuthal and Agricultural Traditions

Abstract

Agriculture serves as the taproot of Tamil culture and the primary identifier of its historical continuity. The plough, regarded as the lifeline of farmers, is not merely a utilitarian tool but a symbol representing the core life values of the community. To commence their seasonal agricultural activities, farmers established a sacred ritual known as 'Ponner Poottuthal' (Yoking the Golden Plough) or 'Naller Poottuthal' (Auspicious Ploughing). Conducted at the beginning of the month of Chithirai (April-May), this ritual focuses on preparing the soil and sowing seeds with the exalted purpose of alleviating world hunger. This article extensively explores the social, historical, and scientific underpinnings of the Ponner Poottuthal festival, drawing from Sangam literature, the Tirukkural, Kamba Ramayanam, and contemporary agricultural data. Additionally, the study provides an in-depth analysis of how agriculture evolved into a national identity through the land management, water management, and social frameworks of the ancient Tamils, while also addressing the challenges this tradition encounters in modern times.