தமிழர் தற்காப்புக் கலைகளின் வரலாற்றுப் பரிணாமம், நுட்பியல் மற்றும் நவீன மீட்பு முயற்சிகள்: ஒரு விரிவான ஆய்வு

Tamil Martial Arts: Historical Evolution, Techniques, and Modern Revival Efforts—A Comprehensive Study

Abstract

The true identity of a society is embedded not only in its language but also in its physical intelligence and methods of self-defense. In Tamil tradition, arts such as Silambam, Adimurai, Varma Kalai, and Valari were not merely combat techniques; they flourished as ways of life emphasizing physical and mental discipline.

Historical evidence suggests these arts originated as early as 1000 BCE. Heroic references to these disciplines are found in Sangam literature, including the Purananuru and Silappathikaram. Over time, these arts declined due to a lack of documentation and the prohibitions imposed by the British government in 1801.

In the contemporary modern context, efforts are being made to reclaim these arts by integrating them into the educational system and including them in national sports programs like 'Khelo India.' This research paper explores in detail the origins of Tamil martial arts, their various branches, literary records, and their significance in the modern era.