புறநானூறு போற்றும் போர் தர்மம்

Ethics of Warfare Extolled in Purananuru

Abstract

In the history of Tamil literature, Sangam works hold a distinctive place by capturing the ancient way of life, culture, governance, valor, and moral principles of the Tamils. Among the Ettuthokai (Eight Anthologies), Purananuru stands out as a remarkable text that comprehensively details the external life of ancient Tamils, highlighting aspects such as kingship, warfare, heroism, philanthropy, fame, impermanence, honor, and humanism. When portraying war, Purananuru does not focus solely on victory and bravery; it emphasizes the noble ideal that even war must adhere to ethics and preserve humanity. Thus, warfare in Purananuru is portrayed not as mere violence, but as a regulated social practice grounded in morality, valor, honor, and compassion.