Tamilmanam Journal

In recent years, Artificial Intelligence (AI) technology has had a significant impact across various fields. In this context, AI has the potential to make remarkable contributions to Tamil Literature as well. This research article discusses the current state of AI in Tamil literature, its applications, challenges, and future opportunities. Furthermore, it explores the various dimensions of AI in Tamil literature research, presenting ways to enhance literary studies through it.

Did the ancient Tamils have faith in deities? Did they worship them? Were the deities they worshipped and revered deities native to Tamil Nadu? These are natural questions that arise. To find answers to such questions, it is necessary to deeply explore Tamil literature. The Tamil people worshipped the gods they believed in according to their customs and traditions. It is true that worship began in connection with nature. This reflects the lifestyle of the people of that time and their close connection with nature. In the early stages, humans recognized the power and grandeur of nature and began to worship it. They worshiped natural elements such as the sun, wind, rain, and fire as deities. This was a sign of fear and respect for nature. Many references to such nature worship can be found in Sangam literature. For example, in "Mullaipattu," it is mentioned that the rain god was worshipped. The people of that time worshiped and praised nature for the prosperity of agriculture and their lives. In devotional literature like "Thirumurugaatrupadai," Lord Muruga is depicted as a part of nature itself. Mountains and forests are mentioned in connection with him. Furthermore, ancient Tamils worshiped those who died valiantly by erecting memorial stones (Nadukal). This was a way of honoring heroism and sacrifice. These memorial stones were erected in memory of the deceased heroes, and offerings were made to them. This worship emphasized the importance of valor in society. Thus, the ancient Tamils' worship centered on nature and heroism. It was intertwined with their lives and culture. Over time, these forms of worship gradually evolved, leading to the emergence of various deities

Literature is not merely a medium for reading; it is a profound reflection of life itself. As a mirror to human experience, it captures the nuances of existence in all its dimensions.  In this light, Veerayuga Naayagan Vel Paari, a novel by Su. Venkatesan, emerges as a significant work that bridges the historical with the contemporary. Although the novel is a relatively modern form in the evolution of literary genres, it continues to draw depth, richness, and meaning from the legacy of ancient traditions. This study seeks to explore how the novel employs elements of nature—particularly flowers—to symbolize the primacy and spiritual depth of the inner life. Through a close reading, the research identifies and analyzes flowers such as the mayilai flower, panam flower, kanthal flower, irupai flower, alaripoo, mullipoo, koothali flower, vengai flower, thalai flower, aeruzham flower, kongu flower, eruvai flower, and kamukup flower. Each of these is examined not only for its botanical identity but also for its metaphorical and cultural significance within the narrative. Ultimately, this study illustrates how nature—through floral imagery—serves as a vital conduit for expressing emotional, spiritual, and philosophical themes in the novel.

This paper provides a comprehensive assessment of E.V. Ramasamy Periyar's philosophy of language and its intersections with politics, self-respect, and social reform. Periyar's radical linguistic and cultural politics redefined Tamil identity and resisted northern cultural and linguistic hegemony. Drawing on literary theory—particularly Dalit literature theory and feminist theory—this article explores how Periyar's rationalism, non-dualism, and critique of Brahmanism influenced Tamil Renaissance thought, constructed a unique linguistic politics, and laid the foundation for socio-political emancipation.

Artificial Intelligence (AI) has brought about a major revolution in the education sector. In particular, the use of AI in personalized learning helps students learn according to their individual needs. It creates personalized curricula by considering their abilities, weaknesses, preferences, and progress (Hwang et al., 2020). AI-powered personalized learning involves designing a dynamic and adaptable learning environment that accommodates each student's unique learning styles and paces. This marks a shift from the standard, one-size-fits-all approach that has long characterized education (Baker, 2021). AI-based personalized learning is a method of understanding each student's educational needs and providing lessons tailored to them. It improves the quality of education through accurate analysis, rapid progress monitoring, immediate feedback, and motivation (Chen et al., 2018). By analyzing large amounts of data, AI provides teachers with in-depth insights into students' strengths and weaknesses, enabling them to intervene more effectively and personalize their teaching strategies (Holmes et al., 2019).

As a cranial neurology expert, I am fascinated by the concepts about smiles stated in the Tirukkural. In ancient times, without medical knowledge or an understanding of cranial neurology, how could Valluvar have stated such subtle concepts? This question inspires me to conduct deeper investigations in scientific Tamil.

Thiruvalluvar's Thirukkural is a classic social work that embraces all aspects of human life. The social thoughts he presented through Thirukkural, especially the views on the abolition of slavery, are relevant to today's society. From a sociological perspective, slavery> domination> oppression> inequality are discussed in great depth and the main theme is that they should be dismantled and social equality should be established. In this way, the moral values ​​that will abolish slavery and bring about social unity and harmony are prevalent in Thirukkural. It is noteworthy that Thirukkural occupies a high place among the works related to social unity. It cannot be denied that it has remained unique since its inception. This is due to its layered structure and lofty ideas. Its speciality is that Thirukkural is an expression of great thought that guides human development, the prosperity of the human soul, and the progress of the world. These are aimed at expressing human qualities and social life ethics and are aimed at creating a society free from slavery and social equality.

This paper will delve into the multifaceted struggles faced by Tamil publishers, meticulously analyzing the factors contributing to the current predicament. These factors will include, but are not limited to: the rise of digital media and ebooks, changing reading habits of younger generations, pricing pressures in a competitive market, distribution challenges, lack of effective marketing strategies, and the threat of piracy. We will also explore the socio-economic context that influences the Tamil reading public, including affordability, literacy rates, and access to books in both urban and rural communities. Beyond identifying the challenges, this study will explore potential avenues for revitalization and growth. We will examine innovative approaches to publishing, marketing, and distribution that can help Tamil publishers connect with new readers and sustain their business in the digital age. This includes leveraging social media, exploring partnerships with digital platforms, promoting Tamil literature through translations, and fostering collaborations between authors, publishers, and readers. We will conduct interviews and analyze existing data to gain insights into their experiences, challenges, and hopes for the future of Tamil publishing. By analyzing current trends in Tamil literature, including emerging genres and the evolving tastes of readers, this study aims to provide a comprehensive overview of the landscape and highlight the opportunities for a thriving Tamil publishing industry in the 21st century. Ultimately, this paper seeks to contribute to a deeper understanding of the challenges and opportunities facing Tamil publishing, with the goal of fostering a more vibrant and sustainable future for Tamil literature.

In ancient Tamil society, the practice of hospitality, welcoming guests, was deeply ingrained in their cultural structure. Hospitality was regarded as a very important virtue and a marker of a moral life. The timeless ethical text, Thirukkural, fully expresses the significance of welcoming guests. The purpose of this article is to illustrate how Karaikal Ammaiyar, revered in the Tamil Shaiva tradition, lived a noble family life, consistently adhering to the principles of hospitality.

Social customs are the most important magic word in the search for knowledge of human society. The customs, rituals, caste inequalities, sexual relations, divine worship and ceremonies are closely related to human life. These are due to the fact that they are not touched. Imaiyam novel, the biological cultural ethics of the contemporary people reveals. The creator who talks about the events of society speaks of social violations at every time. The dominant castes impose their devotion to the lower castes of the ethics that have been practiced for a long time during the temple worship. Due to the inability of the social value to ignore the instrument, the economic prosperity of the lowly people causes the orders of the dominant caste. Despite the impact of the rituals we have, the cultural elements are worth noting to oppose the dominant castes and they indiscriminately perform rituals. The lowly people are suffering from inevitably and unable to fight. The cultural violations of the dominant caste still get today. The dominant castes exercise caste power over the lower castes and have sexual harassment. The main reason for economic conditions affects the lower castes. This article describes the social violations of various stages of the lower castes and the disadvantages of the lower castes.

Language is a fundamental skill, essential for learning and communication. Historically, tools like the Nikandus played a crucial role in language education, encompassing literature and grammar. Mastery of a language was once synonymous with memorizing these Nikandus, and they were a cornerstone of the educational system. Given their former importance, it's surprising that the Nikandus are largely unknown in modern education. This begs the question: why has this once-vital resource faded into obscurity?