Paripadal, one of the classical Tamil Sangam anthologies, is a unique literary work that integrates nature, devotion, social life, and cultural traditions. It is one of the Eight Anthologies (Ettuthokai) and is distinguished by the close relationship between poetry and music. Along with Thirumal, Chevvēl (Murugan), and Madurai, the Vaigai River occupies a significant place in this anthology. The Vaigai is not merely a river but also represents the lifeline of the Pandya capital, a centre of public recreation, a setting for lovers' emotional experiences, and an important element of religious and cultural traditions.
This study examines the Vaigai River in Paripadal from four perspectives: literary aesthetics, sociological aspects, historical significance, and festival traditions. From a literary perspective, it analyses the poetic descriptions of the river, its natural beauty, and the musical elements of the poems. The sociological perspective explores the people's lifestyle, social relationships, recreational activities, and cultural practices associated with the river. The historical perspective investigates the significance of the Vaigai in the development of Madurai, its water resources, and the economic life of the people during the Sangam period.
The study also focuses on festival traditions associated with the Vaigai, particularly seasonal floods, water festivals (Punalattu), ritual bathing, women's religious observances, music, and public celebrations. These descriptions provide valuable insights into the social and cultural life of the ancient Pandya country.
This research highlights the Vaigai River as more than a natural resource. It demonstrates its importance as a literary symbol and as a centre of social, economic, historical, and cultural activities. The study also seeks to establish the close relationship between the Vaigai River, the city of Madurai, and the everyday life of the Sangam people.
